1、The Attributive ClauseWhat is the attribute? (什么是什么是定语）定语） a red apple a beautiful girl形容词作定语形容词作定语 my friend his pen代词作定语代词作定语 a girl in red a man with glasses 介词短语作定语介词短语作定语 apple tree shoe shop 名词作定语名词作定语什么是定语？什么是定语？定语就是用来修饰名词或者代词定语就是用来修饰名词或者代词的成分的成分What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句）什么是定语从
2、句）the handsome 修饰成分修饰成分the naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.（ 主句）主句）The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is naughty is Tom.修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语叫定语，如为一个句子则称为定语叫定语，如为一个句子则称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。后面。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词定语从句的一般结构是：定语从句的一般结构是：主句主句+先先行词行词+关系词关系词+从句从句 People wh
3、o go to a formal westerner dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners. Besides the napkin, you will find a small toast and three glasses which are for the wine. The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bigger than the ones beside them. Dinner starts with
4、a small dish, which is often called a starter. For the starter, which you eat with the smaller pair, you keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left.定语从句的一般结构是：定语从句的一般结构是：主句主句+先先行词行词+关系词关系词+从句从句 I know the boy who is sitting on the desk.主句主句定语从句定语从句先先行行词词引导引导词词引导词有关系代词：引导词有关系代词：who w
5、hom whose that which关系副词：关系副词：when where why先行词：被修饰的成分先行词：被修饰的成分,即名词或代词。即名词或代词。关系代词在定语从句中有三关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用：个作用： 1. 引导一个定语从句；引导一个定语从句； 2.在从句中代替先行词；在从句中代替先行词； 3.在从句中担任某一句子成在从句中担任某一句子成份。份。1. The boy who is smiling is Tom. 2.The boy who has a round face is Tom.3.The man who sits in front of me is Tom. 4
6、.The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. 5.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.6.The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.7.The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.8.The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.9. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.10. This is
7、 the boy behind whom I sit.11.She is the girl whose English is the best in our class.12.A plane is a machine that can fly .13.Here is the boy that damaged the vase .安速商务服务http:/ 0 仐摋涂关系代词与关系副词关系代词与关系副词关系代词关系代词: 指人指人: 指物指物:指人或物指人或物:关系副词关系副词:who(主格主格), whom(宾格宾格), whose(所有格所有格)which(主格主格,宾格宾格), whose(
8、所有格所有格) thatwhen, where, why注：注：当先行词是当先行词是those, she ,he ,theythose, she ,he ,they等等代词时代词时, , 关系代词用关系代词用whowho. .作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省，如介词提前则不能省，介词后面用介词后面用which which 或或whomwhom ) ) The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.4 whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。后的名词为所属关系。 whose多
9、指人，也可指物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用互换使用, 即即the+名词名词of whichwhom或或of which whom the+名词。名词。This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.of which the bookDo you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.
10、 The teacher, whose son I work with, is liked by all the students.The chair, the legs of which are broken, is being repaired now.3. which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japan. Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?Do you fin
11、d the pen with which I wrote just now?Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man (that) I told you about. that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但但在下列情况下在下列情况下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has
12、 something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰
13、时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。 that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下但在下列情况下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(5) 先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished.(6) 主句以主句以Th
14、ere be 引导时引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系表语時，关系代词用代词用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(8)当先行词是当先行词是which时，关系代词用时，关系代词用that.Which is the book that you bought last week?1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C.
15、who D. which2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whomABBB that和和which在指物的
16、情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下但在下列情况下, 一般用一般用which而不用而不用that。(9) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）语（介词提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(10) 在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.(11)先行词本身是先行词本身是that，或句子中已经有了，或句子中已经有了thatWhat I want to do is that which will help us all.(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom t
